Overview Alexandria, Egypt is a coastal city shaped by water but constrained by freshwater scarcity. Located on the Mediterranean coast at the western edge of the Nile Delta, Alexandria depends overwhelmingly on Nile-derived surface water. This dependence creates a fragile urban water system. Freshwater must travel through canal infrastructure before […]
Executive Summary Kibera faces interconnected water challenges shaped by limited infrastructure, informal settlement, and unequal service provision. Water scarcity, poor water quality, flooding and fragmented governance structure all reinforce each other, making everyday access to safe and affordable water difficult for many residents. In response, this proposal presents an integrated […]
Saint-Louis is coastal city in the northwestern part of Senegal with a rich historic and cultural significance; from a former French colonial capital to a UNESCO World Heritage site. However, the city is facing pressing water and sanitation challenges. The city’s location significantly impacts the quality and quantity of its […]
Saint Louis is a West African municipality that experiences water delivery and wastewater management challenges. These challenges largely stem from the national water utility’s inability to keep up with the pace of urban growth and provide adequate service for all residents. Due to its geographic location, the city also experiences […]
Background Cape Town is the second-most populous city in South Africa and the largest city in the Western Cape province. Sitting at the feet of the iconic Table Mountain, this port town is the legislative capital of South Africa. Established in 1652 with the arrival of the Dutch settlers as […]
Cape Town is a coastal city that draws millions of tourists to experience the city, nature, biodiversity, and so much more (Sinclair-Smith, 2019). But, with all of the beauty and attractions of the city comes variable regional weather patterns and increasing changes in climate (ibid.). It is difficult for city […]
Jinja is the second largest city and economic hub in Uganda. Located 50 miles east of Kampala along the northern shore of Lake Victoria, Jinja covers an area of about 28 square kilometers and is home to 76,000 people. Jinja is famous for being “at the source of the Nile,” […]
The Rwandan Genocide of 1994 killed more than 800,000 individuals and displaced another two million within the span of 100 days (BBC, 2019). Following Paul Kigame’s de facto assumption of the presidency in 2000, Rwanda entered a new phase of its history: international laud and significant economic success. Today, Rwanda […]
It is impossible to comprehend the scale of the water distress in West Bank without the appreciation of historical nuance and the territorial evolution of region known as Palestine. Following the Second World War, Palestine would emerge from the British protectorate, and the territory would be subsequently opened to the […]